Chiropractic Treatment of IT Band Syndrome
Iliotibial band syndrome
(ITBS) is one of the most common causes of knee pain and is more frequent in
runners than any other group of individuals. Though there are many potential
causes of ITBS, it is often the result of poor biomechanical function caused by
misalignment of the sacroiliac joints and subluxation of the lumbar spine. Without
proper treatment, ITBS can lead to unbearable knee pain.
COMMON SYMPTOMS
Pain over the lateral aspect
of the knee/hip/IT band, that is stinging in nature during activity, and reduces
to a throbbing sensation with rest (pain on the outside of the knee is the most
common symptom). There is often a popping/clicking/rubbing sound during
exercise as well.
THE ILIOTIBIAL BAND
The
Iliotibial band (Figure 1) is a very tough longitudinal tract of fascia with a
broad origination at the hip, and narrow attachment at the tibia. The IT band
provides lateral stability to the hip and knee. Due to the fact that the IT
band crosses both the hip and knee joints, it can become irritated due to
numerous different biomechanical restrictions of the spine and/or sacroiliac
joints.
Figure 1
CAUSE OF ILIOTIBIAL BAND
SYNDROME
ITBS is an overuse injury
that is caused by irritation of the IT band as it rubs on the lateral condyle
of the femur during walking, running, cycling, climbing stairs and any other
activity involving repeated flexion/extension of the knee. When the hips become
misaligned (Figure 2), tension on the IT band is increased. This leads to more
friction between the femoral condyle and the IT band. If the biomechanical dysfunction
in the sacroiliac joints is left unattended, the friction created in this
pathobiomechanical position will cause constant irritation of the IT band. The
resulting pain can be debilitating and very difficult to treat without first
correcting the spinal subluxation, which is the root cause of the biomechanical
dysfunction in many cases. Spinal subluxation will also lead to improper nerve
flow to and from the muscles and proprioceptors within the articulations in the
spine, hip and leg. Consequently, irritation of the IT band progresses; leading
to compensation and development of a myriad of seemingly erroneous symptoms.
Figure 2
WHAT TO DO
A thorough evaluation is
needed to fully understand the cause of each individual case of iliotibial band
syndrome. Chiropractic
treatment to eliminate pelvic
imbalance and spinal subluxation is the first
step in treating and more importantly PREVENTING iliotibial band syndrome. Spinal
manipulative therapy will also help to restore proper nerve flow and therefore,
prevent tissue death. Research has shown that chiropractic manipulation can
increase muscle activation (torque) and decrease muscle inhibition. This
chiropractic treatment is key in restoring neurological function and facilitating proper muscle recruitment patterns.
Other effective treatments for
ITBS include:
Graston®
Cold Laser
Neuromuscular Re-education
Core strengthening
Kinesio
Taping
Home
care solutions and supplemental support for ITBS to follow next week. . .